This appendix lists the commands you can invoke from the DCL command line.
DCL Command Summary lists the MultiNet user DCL commands:
|
Utility |
Description |
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MULTINET DECODE |
Decodes a file encoded by the MultiNet SMTP mail handler. |
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MULTINET FINGER |
Displays information about users currently logged into local or remote systems. |
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MULTINET FTP |
Uses the standard Internet FTP protocol to transfer files between TCP/IP hosts, and allows you to manipulate them. |
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MULTINET KERBEROS DESTROY |
Deletes Kerberos authentication tickets you previously acquired. |
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MULTINET KERBEROS INIT |
Acquires the initial ticket that allows client programs to obtain tickets to access network services. |
|
MULTINET KERBEROS LIST |
Displays your ticket status. |
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MULTINET KERBEROS PASSWORD |
Changes your Kerberos password. |
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MULTINET LPRM |
Cancels print jobs, specified by job number, from the SYS$PRINT queue. |
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MULTINET RCP |
Transfers file between TCP/IP hosts. |
|
MULTINET REMIND |
Creates reminders to be sent at specified intervals by either mail or broadcast to the recipient's terminal. |
|
MULTINET RLOGIN |
Connects your terminal to another system on the network. |
|
MULTINET RSHELL |
Runs commands on a remote system and displays the command output on your terminal. |
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MULTINET RUSERS |
Displays information about users logged into local or remote systems. |
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MULTINET SEND |
Sends a brief message to another user's terminal. |
|
|
Logs into a remote host from the local host. |
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MULTINET TFTP |
Transfers files between TCP/IP hosts. |
|
MULTINET TALK |
Initiates an interactive conversation with another user on the local host or on any remote host that supports the TALK protocol. |
|
MULTINET WHOIS |
Displays information about users registered with the Internet Network Information Center (InterNIC). |
Decodes a file encoded by the MultiNet SMTP mail handler.
MULTINET DECODE input_file output_file
input_file
Specifies the name of a file containing the encoded file, including the RFC822 headers at the top of the message. The message must include MIME-Version, Content-Type, and Content-Transfer-Encoding headers in order to be decoded. Only the APPLICATION/RMS content-type and base64 content-transfer-encoding are supported.
output_file
The name for the resulting decoded file.
Binary files can be sent via SMTP using the undocumented /FOREIGN qualifier of the OpenVMS Mail SEND command. The following example shows how to send such a file and use DECODE to translate the corresponding mail message:
1. First, send an executable file using OpenVMS Mail:
$ MAIL
MAIL>SEND /FOREIGN /NOEDIT BINARY.EXE
To: SMTP%"JDOE@XAMPLE.COM"
Subj: BINARY.EXE
2. When the file arrives, store the ASCII-encoded mail as a text file:
$ MAIL
MAIL>EXTRACT/NOHEADER BINARY.TXT
3. Finally, decode the BINARY.TXT file into an executable file:
$ MULTINET DECODE BINARY.TXT BINARY.EXE
Displays information about users currently logged into local or remote systems.
MULTINET FINGER [user_name] [@host_name]
user_name
Specifies the user name about which to obtain detailed information. If not specified, brief information is displayed about users currently logged in.
host_name
The name (or network address) of the host to which a connection should be made. If you do not specify a host name, information about the local host is displayed. The host name can be specified as an IP address; for example:
$ MULTINET FINGER @127.0.0.1
/NOCLUSTER
Restricts output to that of a single system instead of its VMScluster.
/CLUSTER
Displays all cluster users.
To display information about users logged into a remote system, that system must have a FINGER server enabled.
$ MULTINET
FINGER
Friday, April 9,2020 12:39AM-PDT Up 0 02:10:27 4+0 Load ave 0.24 0.25 0.19
User Personal Name Job Subsys TTY Console Location
SYSTEM System Manager 37 *DCL* TTA3 Macintosh SE
SMITH L. Stuart Smith 32 FINGER FTA1 Console
33 *DCL* FTA2 Console
35 *DCL* FTA3 Console
Uses the standard Internet FTP protocol to transfer files between TCP/IP hosts, and allows you to manipulate them.
MULTINET FTP [host] [command]
host
Specifies the name of a remote host to which you want to connect. You can also specify the host name as an IP address. If you enter the name of a remote host on the DCL command line, FTP immediately attempts to connect to the FTP server on that host. If you do not specify a remote host, FTP enters its TOPS-20 style command interpreter and prompts for FTP commands.
command
Specifies an FTP command to execute. If you do not specify a command, FTP starts interactive mode and prompts for commands.
|
Note: You must specify all FTP DCL qualifiers on the command line before any command.
|
If command causes an FTP error to occur, the error condition is reported back to DCL in the $STATUS symbol. To determine if an FTP error occurred, examine the hexadecimal value of $STATUS. If the lower byte is the value %X2C, the FTP error code can be determined by dropping the high order four bits of the 32-bit condition code and examining the next twelve. For example, if you specify the incorrect remote password, the FTP error status code returned by the server will be the decimal value 530. As the FTP image exits, the error status (and hence the $STATUS symbol) is set to the value %X1212002C (decimal 530 is the same as hexadecimal %X212).
/ACCOUNT=account_name
Specifies your account name. In addition to a user name and password for validation, some systems require an account string. MultiNet preserves the case of characters placed within quotation marks. Characters not placed within quotation marks are converted to lowercase. Be aware that some systems might not recognize these lowercase characters and deny access.
/BINARY
Equivalent to /TYPE=IMAGE, this qualifier allows you to transfer binary files. You can override the /BINARY qualifier with the TYPE command in interactive mode.
/IMAGE
Equivalent to /TYPE=IMAGE, this qualifier allows you to transfer binary files. You can override the /IMAGE qualifier with the TYPE command in interactive mode.
/INITIALIZATION
/NOINITIALIZATION
Tells FTP to read commands from your SYS$LOGIN:FTP.INIT file when invoked (on by default). Use the /NOINITIALIZATION qualifier to disable this behavior.
{ STREAM }
/MODE= { COMPRESS }
{ user-defined-mode }
Specifies the file transfer mode. You can change the MODE by using the MODE command in interactive mode, and default to STREAM. A user-defined mode can be created as an executable file.
/PASSWORD=password
Specifies the password to use on the remote host, which must be specified in conjunction with the /USERNAME qualifier. If not specified, FTP prompts for the password. MultiNet preserves the case of characters placed within quotation marks. Characters not placed within quotation marks are converted to lowercase. Be aware that some systems might not recognize these lowercase characters and deny access.
/PORT=port
Specifies an alternate TCP port number to use when connecting to the FTP control port on the remote host. You should only use this qualifier when communicating with an FTP server that uses a non-standard control port number.
{ CONNECT, }
/PROMPT[=( { NOMISSING_ARGUMENTS } )]
Modifies the operation of FTP. If /PROMPT=CONNECT is used following a successful connection FTP prompts for a user name and password to send to the remote system. The same result can be achieved by adding the line PROMPT-ON-CONNECT ON to your SYS$LOGIN:FTP.INIT file.
If you use /PROMPT=NOMISSING_ARGUMENTS, FTP does not prompt you for missing command line arguments. The same behavior can be accomplished by adding the line PROMPT-FOR-MISSING-ARGUMENTS OFF to your SYS$LOGIN:FTP.INIT file.
For compatibility with previous releases of MultiNet, using the /PROMPT qualifier alone implies /PROMPT=CONNECT.
/STATISTICS
Sets the FTP STATISTICS flag so FTP displays transfer timing statistics upon completion of file transfers.
{ FILE }
/STRUCTURE={ RECORD }
{ VMS }
Specifies the STRUCTURE of the file transfers. You can change the STRUCTURE by using the STRUCTURE command in interactive mode. The default is FILE, or VMS when communicating between systems running MultiNet. The /STRUCTURE qualifier disables automatic negotiation of VMS structure.
/TAKE_FILE=file
Causes FTP to execute commands from the specified file before entering command mode. This qualifier is functionally equivalent to re-directing SYS$INPUT:.
{ ASCII }
{ IMAGE }
/TYPE={ BACKUP }
{ LOGICAL_BYTE }
Specifies the file transfer TYPE. You can change the TYPE by using the TYPE command (which defaults to ASCII) in interactive mode.
/USERNAME=username
Specifies the user name to use on the remote host. MultiNet preserves the case of characters placed within quotation marks. Characters not placed within quotation marks are converted to lowercase. Be aware that some systems might not recognize these lowercase characters and deny access.
/VERBOSE
Sets the FTP VERBOSE flag. Causes FTP to display all responses from the remote FTP server as they are received.
/VMS_STRUCTURE_NEGOTIATION
/NOVMS_STRUCTURE_NEGOTIATION
Causes the FTP client to send a STRU O VMS FTP command to the server FTP to negotiate transparent transfer of files with arbitrary RMS attributes. If the server responds with an error, the default transfer structure of FILE is assumed. The negotiation takes place after a connection has been successfully opened.
You can use the /NOVMS_STRUCTURE_NEGOTIATION qualifier to disable this feature if automatic negotiation causes unforeseen problems with another vendor's server.
This example shows how to establish a connection to the host EXAMPLE.COM with prompting for a remote user name and password, and printing statistics for the duration of the session (or until the user turns it off).
$ MULTINET FTP EXAMPLE.COM /PROMPT=CONNECT /STATISTICS
This example shows how to establish a connection to the host DS.INTERNIC.NET, log in with the user name ANONYMOUS and password GUEST, and fetch the file RFC:RFC959.TXT (the FTP Request for Comments), placing it in the file RFC959.TXT in your default directory.
$ MULTINET FTP
/USER=ANONYMOUS /PASSWORD=GUEST DS.INTERNIC.NET -
_$ GET RFC:RFC959.TXT RFC959.TXT
Deletes Kerberos authentication tickets you previously acquired.
MULTINET KERBEROS DESTROY
/NOQUIET
Sound the terminal bell when tickets cannot be destroyed.
/NOSTATUS
Don’t display a message when the tickets are destroyed.
This example shows how to destroy your tickets.
$ MULTINET
KERBEROS DESTROY
Tickets destroyed.
$
Acquires the initial ticket that allows client programs to obtain tickets to access network services.
MULTINET KERBEROS INIT
/INSTANCE="name"
Specifies the instance to use in obtaining the initial ticket (by default, an empty string).
/LIFETIME=minutes
Specifies how long the ticket can be used. The specified value is in minutes and can range from 5 to 1275 (21 hours, 15 minutes). Typically, the default is set to 480 (8 hours). You can change the default by using the MULTINET KERBEROS DATABASE EDIT utility to edit the DEFAULT principal name.
/REALM=realm
Specifies the Kerberos realm to use. The default is the local realm name specified in the MULTINET:KERBEROS.CONFIGURATION file.
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Note: The realm name is case-sensitive.
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/USERNAME=login_name
Specifies an alternate login_name.
/VERBOSE
Provide extra information in displayed messages.
$ KERBEROS
INIT /REALM=EXAMPLE.COM
$
Displays your ticket status.
MULTINET KERBEROS LIST
/BRIEF
/NOBRIEF (default)
Lists only the acquired tickets without issuance dates, expiration dates, principal name, or the ticket file name.
/CHECK_TGT
/NOCHECK_TGT
Determines if the tickets are still valid and returns an exit status of either success or failure. (TGT stands for ticket-getting ticket.) The default is to indicate ticket status with a message on the screen.
/SRVTAB
Lists the contents of the MULTINET:KERBEROS.SRVTAB file which indicates what services are available. This can provide an administrator with useful information about what services are configured in the Kerberos database.
This example shows how to list the ticket status.
$ MULTINET
KERBEROS LIST
Principal: john@EXAMPLE.COM
Issued Expires Principal
June 12 16:16:47 June 13 02:16:47
$ MULTINET
KERBEROS LIST /SRVTAB
Server key file: multinet:kerberos.srvtab
Service Instance Realm Key Version
----------------------------------------------------
changepw iris EXAMPLE.COM 1
rcmd iris EXAMPLE.COM 1
$
Indicates that CHANGEPW service is configured, as is the RCMD service used by RCP, RLOGIN, and RSHELL.
Changes your Kerberos password.
MULTINET KERBEROS PASSWORD
/INSTANCE="name"
Specifies the instance to change (by default, an empty string).
/REALM=realm
Specifies the Kerberos realm to use. The default is the local realm name specified in the MULTINET:KERBEROS.CONFIGURATION file.
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Note: The realm name is case-sensitive.
|
/USERNAME=login_name
Specifies an alternate login_name.
$ MULTINET KERBEROS PASSWORD
Cancels print jobs, specified by job number, from the SYS$PRINT queue. When you issue this command without arguments, the currently active job is cancelled.
MULTINET LPRM job-ID(s)[,username(s)]
job-ID(s)[,username(s)]
Specifies a comma-separated list of job ID numbers and/or user names. You can only specify job ID numbers of jobs you submitted that originated on your system (unless you are authorized to use /SUPERUSER). Enter a user name to indicate that you want all jobs submitted by the specified user to be removed. If you do not specify /SUPERUSER, you can only specify your user name.
/ALL
Cancels all jobs on the specified printer.
/NODE=remote_print_queue
Specifies the name of a print queue on a remote system.
/QUEUE=queue
Specifies an alternate print queue.
/SUPERUSER
Indicates you have SYSTEM privilege and can delete all jobs in the specified queue.
/USER=user_name
Specifies the user name of the print job to be deleted. To use this qualifier, you must have SYSPRV or OPER privilege.
This example invokes LPRM to remove print jobs in the HP_LPD print queue. Job ID numbers 9, 42, and 66 are removed if you submitted them and they originated on your system. In addition, if you are named Lang, all your print jobs are removed from the system. If you are not named Lang, or you did not submit any of the other jobs, the requests are ignored unless you use the /SUPERUSER qualifier.
$ MULTINET LPRM /QUEUE=HP_LPD 9,42,66,LANG
Transfers file between TCP/IP hosts. Uses the UNIX "rcp" (remote copy) to copy files between TCP/IP hosts. If the remote host you specify in the input or output file specification is an OpenVMS system running MultiNet, the MultiNet RCP utility automatically negotiates transparent transfer of any OpenVMS file, retaining all RMS attributes.
MULTINET RCP input_file_spec output_file_spec
input_file_spec
Specifies the name of one or more files to be copied. This parameter may be either a local OpenVMS file specification or a remote file specification of the form:
hostname::input_file_spec
If input_file_spec is not a full directory and file specification, it is interpreted relative to your login directory on hostname. If the directory/file specification on the remote host contains special characters (including mixed-case directory and file names), you should enclose it within double quotation marks.
input_file_spec can be a directory specification if used with the /RECURSIVE qualifier. See the /RECURSIVE qualifier for more details.
You may use wildcards in either the local or remote file specification. For remote file specifications, however, you must use the wildcard characters normally used on the remote system.
output_file_spec
Specifies the name(s) of the output file(s) into which the input file(s) are to be copied. This parameter may be either a local OpenVMS file specification or a remote file specification of the form:
hostname::output_file_spec
If output_file_spec is not a full directory and file specification, it is interpreted relative to your login directory on hostname. If the directory and file specification on the remote host contains special characters (including mixed-case directory and file names), you should enclose it within double quotation marks.
You may use wildcards in either the local or remote file specification. For remote file specifications, however, you must use the wildcard characters normally used on the remote system.
/AUTHENTICATION=KERBEROS
If you specify /AUTHENTICATION=KERBEROS, command authentication is performed using Kerberos; you will not be prompted for authentication information. (KERBEROS is currently the only value supported by this qualifier.)
/EXACT
Disables the automatic conversion of file names to lowercase. When DCL passes command line parameters and qualifiers to RCP, it converts them to uppercase unless you explicitly enclose them within double quotation marks. Because lowercase file names are preferred by UNIX, and since OpenVMS file names are case-insensitive, RCP converts file names to lowercase. You can use mixed case file names if you enclose them in double quotation marks, and specify them with the /EXACT qualifier.
/LOG=log_spec
Specifies if RCP should display the file specifications and transfer information of each file copied. log_spec can take the values SIZE or TIME (or both if enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas). If you specify only /LOG, /LOG=SIZE is assumed.
When you use the /LOG qualifier, RCP displays the following information for each file copied:
· The names of the input and output files
· The number of blocks copied if you specify /LOG=SIZE
· The data transfer rate (in bytes or kilobytes per second) if you specified /LOG=TIME
· Both the number or blocks and the data transfer rate if you specified /LOG=(SIZE,TIME)
/PASSWORD=password
Specifies the password to use on the remote host which you must specify with the /USERNAME qualifier. If you specify /PASSWORD without a value, RCP prompts for the password (terminal echoing is disabled).
/RECURSIVE
Specifies that the directory subtree rooted at the directory named by input_file_spec should be copied recursively, that is, the directory and all files and directories below it. If you specify the local file specification with an ellipsis ([...]), the /RECURSIVE qualifier is assumed.
/TRUNCATE_USERNAME
Causes RCP to truncate your OpenVMS user name to be no longer than eight characters. Some RSHELL server implementations, notably UNIX, assume that the remote user name is no longer than eight characters and dies with the error "remuser too long" if it is longer. You can use this qualifier to communicate with those systems.
/USERNAME=username
Specifies the user name to use on the remote host.
/VMS[={TCPWARE | MULTINET}] (default)
/NOVMS
If /VMS is omitted, RCP by default attempts a MultiNet style VMS mode transfer. This retains VMS file attributes across copies. Use /VMS=TCPWARE to do a transfer involving a TCPware machine. /NOVMS disables maintaining VMS file attributes during a third-party copy.
The MultiNet RCP utility does not support third-party copies, so either the input or output file specification may contain remote host information, but not both.
You may use wildcards in either the local or remote file specification. For remote file specifications, however, you must use the wildcard characters normally used on the remote system.
You must specify at least one field in the local file specification. If you do not specify the device or directory, your current default device and directory are used. For a local output specification, RCP fills in any other missing fields (file name, file type, version) with the corresponding field of the input file specification.
RCP fails if a login command procedure displays information. Ensure your OpenVMS login command procedure contains the following lines at the start of the file:
$ VERIFY := 'F$VERIFY(0)'
$ IF F$MODE() .EQS. "OTHER" THEN EXIT
You should also add this line to the end of your login command procedure:
$ IF VERIFY THEN SET VERIFY
For UNIX login scripts (such as .profile), ensure the file does not display any information.
This command copies the file JETSON.LOG from your login directory on the host SPROCKETS.COM to your default directory (USERS:[SPACELY]) on the local host.
$ RCP
SPROCKETS.COM::JETSON.LOG [] /LOG
%RCP-I-COPIED, SPROCKETS.COM::JETSON.LOG;8
copied to USERS:[SPACELY]JETSON.LOG;1 (1 block)
This command copies the file LOGIN.COM in your default directory on the local system to the login directory of the user GIGI on the host BIGBOOTE.EXAMPLE.COM.
$ RCP /USER=GIG2 /PASS=RABBIT LOGIN.COM BIGBOOTE.EXAMPLE.COM::
In this example, you copy all files in the tmp subdirectory of your login directory on the host UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM into your default directory on the local system.
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Note: The double quotation marks enclosing "tmp/*" are required to prevent DCL from interpreting the slashes.
|
$ RCP /LOG
U3IX.SPROCKETS.COM::"tmp/*" []
%RCP-I-COPIED UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM::tmp/work.order
copied to USERS:[SPROCKETS]WORK.ORDER;1 (9 blocks)
%RCP-I-COPIED UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM::tmp/judy.note
copied to USERS:[SPROCKETS]JUDY.NOTE;1 (4 blocks)
%RCP-I-NEWFILES, 2 files created
This command copies all directories and files under the /src directory tree on UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM. The command creates a comparable directory structure on the local host starting at the current default directory (USERS:[JETSON]), and places the files into this tree. As in the previous example, the double quotation marks enclosing "tmp/*" are required to prevent DCL from interpreting the slashes.
$ RCP
/RECURSIVE /LOG UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM::"/src" [...]
%RCP-I-CREATED, created directory USERS:[JETSON.SRC]
%RCP-I-COPIED, UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM::/src/hack.c
copied to USERS:[JETSON.SRC]HACK.C;1 (20 blocks)
%RCP-I-COPIED UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM::/src/hack.h
copied to USERS:[JETSON.SRC]HACK.H;1 (2 blocks)
%RCP-I-COPIED created directory USERS:[JETSON.SRC.DATA]
%RCP-I-COPIED, UNIX.SPROCKETS.COM::/src/data/test
copied to USERS:[JETSON.SRC.DATA]TEST.;1 (100 blocks)
%RCP-I-NEWFILES, 3 files created
Creates reminders to be sent at specified intervals by either mail or broadcast to the recipient's terminal.
MULTINET REMIND
After invoking the utility, you are prompted to enter a command. Enter HELP to list information about the utility, or enter one of these commands:
|
Command |
Use to... |
|
CREATE |
Create new reminders |
|
DELETE nn |
Delete a reminder |
|
EXIT |
Exit REMIND |
|
LIST |
List reminder headers |
|
MODIFY nn |
Change an existing reminder |
|
TYPE nn |
Display an existing reminder |
nn is the reminder number you must supply.
In the following example, a question mark is first entered to list possible commands. At each step, a question mark is entered to investigate the possibilities. A reminder is then created and sent.
$ REMIND
REMIND>?
CREATE DELETE EXIT HELP LIST MODIFY TYPE
REMIND>CREATE
Time of first reminder? ?
date and time
or one of the following:
FRIDAY MONDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY THURSDAY
TODAY TOMORROW TUESDAY WEDNESDAY
or one of the following:
APRIL-FOOLS BASTILLE-DAY BEETHOVENS-BIRTHDAY
BILBOS-BIRTHDAY CHRISTMAS COLUMBUS-DAY
FLAG-DAY FRODOS-BIRTHDAY GONDORIAN-NEW-YEAR
GROUND-HOG-DAY GUY-FAWKES-DAY HALLOWEEN
INDEPENDENCE-DAY LEAP-DAY LINCOLNS-BIRTHDAY
MAY-DAY MEMORIAL-DAY NEW-YEARS
SAINT-PATRICKS-DAY SHERLOCK-RV-BIRTHDAY VALENTINES-DAY
Time of first reminder? GROUND-HOG-DAY
Expiration count? ? Number of times to repeat message
decimal number
Expiration count? 1
How should I send it? ? one of the following:
BOTH MAIL SEND
How should I send it? MAIL
Addresses? HOLMES@EXAMPLE.COM
Subject? Happy Ground Hog Day!!!
Text (end with ^Z)
If you see your shadow, consider moving to Santa Cruz.
-Watson
^Z
REMIND> EXIT
$
Connects your terminal to another system on the network. RLOGIN is similar to TELNET, except support for the protocol is not as wide-spread and the protocol automatically authenticates the user instead of requesting a user name and password. Local flow control (instead of remote) is also negotiated dynamically. RLOGIN permits the use of X applications without issuing a SET DISPLAY command.
MULTINET RLOGIN host_name
host_name
Specifies the remote host to which to connect.
/AUTHENTICATION=KERBEROS
If you specify /AUTHENTICATION=KERBEROS, command authentication is performed using Kerberos; you will not be prompted for authentication information. (KERBEROS is currently the only value supported by this qualifier.)
/BUFFER_SIZE=number
Changes the maximum size of write operations to the terminal. A large write size is more efficient, but a smaller size makes RLOGIN more responsive to output flushing (Ctrl+O). The default buffer size is 1024 bytes; the value for number can range from 20 bytes to 1024 bytes. Number is reset to 20 bytes if you specify a value below 20; a value for number above 1024 bytes is reset to 1024.
/DEBUG
Displays any out-of-band control information that arrives during the session.
/EIGHT_BIT
Forces RLOGIN to set the OpenVMS terminal to 8-bit mode for the duration of the session. The default behavior is to use the current setting of the OpenVMS terminal parameter EIGHT_BIT.
/PORT=number
Specifies a non-standard TCP port number to which to connect (the default port is 513).
/TRUNCATE_USERNAME
Truncates your VMS user name to a maximum of eight characters. Some RLOGIN server implementations, notably UNIX, assume the remote user name is no longer than eight characters and fail with the error "remuser too long" if it is longer. You can use this qualifier when communicating with such hosts.
/USERNAME=username
Specifies an alternative remote user name. By default, the requested remote user name is the same as your local user name.
This example shows an OpenVMS user using RLOGIN to connect to a UNIX system.
$ RLOGIN
UNIX.EXAMPLE.COM
Last login: Thu Dec 7 22:43:48 from VMS.EXAMPLE.COM
Sun UNIX 4.3 Release 3.5 (UNIX) #1: Fri Apr 9 17:07:00 PDT 2020
%
Runs commands on a remote system and displays the command output on your terminal.
MULTINET RSHELL host_name command_line
host_name
Specifies the remote host on which to execute the command. You can also specify the host name as an IP address.
command_line
Specifies the command line to execute on the remote system. By default, the command line is converted to lowercase. If uppercase characters are required, specify them by enclosing the entire line in double quotations ("command_line").
You can specify multiple commands to the OpenVMS RSHELL server by separating them with a backslash-semicolon (\;). Ensure the multiple command string does not exceed the DCL limit of 256 bytes for reading command lines.
/ERROR=filename
Specifies the error file name (by default, error output goes to SYS$ERROR).
/INPUT=filename
Specifies the input file name (by default, SYS$INPUT). To spawn an RSHELL that does not require input, specify /INPUT=NL: to prevent RSHELL from reading data from your terminal.
/OUTPUT=filename
Specifies the output file name (by default, SYS$OUTPUT).
/PASSWORD[=password]
Indicates that the REXEC protocol should be used with the specified password instead of the RSHELL protocol. The two protocols are identical except REXEC requires a password, and RSHELL validates on the basis of trusted user names and systems. If you specify /PASSWORD with no password, a password prompt appears with echoing disabled.
/PORT=number
Specifies a non-standard TCP port number to which to connect (by default, port 514 unless you specify /PASSWORD; in that case, port 512 is used).
/TRUNCATE_USERNAME
Truncates your VMS user name to no longer than eight characters. Some RSHELL server implementations, notably UNIX, assume the remote user name is no longer than eight characters and exit with the error "remuser too long" if it is longer. You can use this qualifier to communicate with those systems.
/USERNAME=username
Specifies an alternative remote user name. By default, the remote user name is the same as your local user name.
The MultiNet RSHELL utility uses the rsh (remote shell) protocol to log on, execute a command, and log out. Normally, it authenticates your use of the remote host with its database of trusted hosts and trusted users. However, if you use the /PASSWORD qualifier, the RSHELL utility uses the password you specify and the rexec (remote execution) protocol to authenticate your use of the remote host.
· RSHELL cannot be used to run interactive programs such as editors; use RLOGIN for these applications instead.
· RSHELL permits the use of X Windows applications without the need to issue a SET DISPLAY command.
$ rshell
unix ls -l
total 216
-rwxr-xr-x 1 smith 212992 Sep 25 07:37 foo
-rw-r--r-- 1 smith 111 Nov 19 22:51 foo.c
$
Displays information about users logged into local or remote systems. RUSERS can display information about a particular system or, if supported by the network hardware, use broadcasts to display information about all remote systems on directly connected networks. RUSERS uses UDP/IP as its communication protocol.
MULTINET RUSERS [host-name]
[host-name]
Specifies the name (or network address) of the host from which the remote user information is to be gathered. If you specify the host specified as an asterisk (*), a broadcast RPC gathers information from all directly-connected hosts. If you do not specify a host, a default of * is used.
/ALL
Displays all remote hosts, even those on which there are no users logged in.
/NOALL
Displays only hosts on which there are users logged in (the default).
/FULL
Displays remote users in a longer format, including time of login, idle time, terminal line name, and remote host.
/NOFULL
Displays remote users as a summary line, showing only the system name and user names for that system (the default).
Sends a brief message to another user's terminal.
MULTINET SEND address [message]
address
Specifies the user name or remote address in the form user@hostname.
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Note: Many SMTP implementations do not support the SEND facility that this command uses to send messages.
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message
Specifies optional text of the message. If omitted, you are prompted for the message text.
/AND_MAIL
Specifies the message should be both mailed to the user and displayed on the user's terminal.
/OR_MAIL
Specifies the message should be mailed to the user if it cannot be displayed on the user's terminal.
Initiates an interactive conversation with another user on the local host or on any remote host that supports the TALK protocol. Start a conversation by specifying another user's name and host name, if necessary; for example, BILL@FNORD.EXAMPLE.COM. End TALKing by pressing Ctrl+C. TALK uses the VMS Screen Management (SMG) runtime routines to create a multiwindow display on your terminal through which the conversation takes place. TALK fails if you specify only the person's login name.
MULTINET TALK user_name[@host_name]
user_name
Specifies the remote user name to talk with.
host_name
Specifies the name (or network address) of the host to which a connection should be made. If you do not specify a host name, the local host name is used.
The restrictions for using TALK include:
You and the person with whom you want to talk need to be on systems with the same byte-ordering scheme (either "Big Endian" or "Little Endian"). While this is not easy to determine, the easiest rule is that if the other person is using a Sun workstation or a terminal connected to one, TALK does not work at their end. Sun users must use the NTALK command. NTALK is provided on the MultiNet software distribution CD-ROM in the [CONTRIBUTED-SOFTWARE.APPLICATIONS.NTALK] directory, and elsewhere as public domain software.
The [CONTRIBUTED-SOFTWARE.APPLICATIONS.NTALK] directory contains documentation describing how to access the file. NTALK is distributed as a UNIX tar file. Use these steps to make it available for use:
1. Copy the NTALK tar archive to a UNIX system.
2. Use tar to retrieve the archived files.
3. Use make to compile the files into binary source. (The make file assumes you have the UNIX cc compiler.)
· Both of your terminals must accept broadcasts. Use these commands to enable broadcasts and to suppress mail broadcasts:
$ SET TERMINAL /BROADCAST
$ SET BROADCAST=NOMAIL
· The terminal type must be listed in the OpenVMS TERMTABLE.TXT database. As shipped with OpenVMS, this database supports all DEC/HP VT-series terminals. If you have a non-DEC/HP terminal, check with your system manager.
· The other person's system must be known to your system. TALK must be able to translate the remote system's IP address into its name. Therefore, your system must be using the Domain Name System (DNS), or have the remote system listed in its host tables.
Use the following keystrokes during a TALK session:
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Press... |
To... |
Press... |
To... |
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Ctrl+W |
Delete the last word typed (left of the cursor) |
Ctrl+L |
Redraw the screen |
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Delete |
Delete the last character typed |
Ctrl+C |
Exit to DCL |
When someone calls you using TALK, a message similar to the following appears on your terminal:
Message from TALK-DAEMON@EXAMPLE.COM
at 1:53PM-PDT
Connection request by username
[Respond with: TALK username@host]
Use this TALK command to answer the remote user's TALK request:
$ TALK username@host
Once communication is established, you and the other user can type simultaneously, and your output appears in separate windows.
If the user being called has disabled reception of broadcast messages, this message appears:
[Your party is refusing messages]
$ TALK HOLMES@EXAMPLE.COM
Logs into a remote host from the local host. TELNET uses the standard Internet TELNET protocol to establish a virtual terminal connection between a terminal connected to your VMS system and a remote host.
MULTINET TELNET [host]
host
Specifies the name or numeric network address of the remote host to which you wish to connect. If you don't specify a host name, TELNET enters a TOPS-20 style interactive mode. If you specify the name of a remote host on the DCL command line, TELNET immediately attempts to connect to the remote host. If you don't specify a remote host, TELNET enters its TOPS-20 style command interpreter and prompts you for TELNET commands.
/ABORT_OUTPUT_CHARACTER=character
Sets the TELNET ABORT-OUTPUT character which, when typed during a TELNET session, sends a TELNET ABORT OUTPUT sequence to the remote host. Specify control characters with a caret (^) followed by a letter. By default, there is no ABORT OUTPUT character; specifying this qualifier without a value sets the character to ^O (a caret followed by uppercase O, to represent Ctrl+O).
/ARE_YOU_THERE_CHARACTER=character
Sets the TELNET ARE-YOU-THERE character which, when typed during a TELNET session, sends a TELNET ARE YOU THERE sequence to the remote host. By default, there is no ARE-YOU-THERE character; specifying that qualifier without a value sets the character to ^T (a caret followed by uppercase T, to represent Ctrl+T).
/AUTHENTICATION=KERBEROS
Uses the Kerberos authentication system.
/AUTOFLUSH
Activates the AUTOFLUSH feature. When used with the /ABORT_OUTPUT_CHARACTER, /BREAK_CHARACTER, and /INTERRUPT_PROCESS_CHARACTER qualifiers, the /AUTOFLUSH qualifier causes TELNET to flush any data which may be in the network buffers when the ABORT-OUTPUT, INTERRUPT_PROCESS, or BREAK character is used. Data is flushed by sending a TIMING-MARK command to the TELNET server and discarding all data until one is received in response.
/BREAK_CHARACTER=character
Sets the TELNET BREAK character which, when typed during a TELNET session, sends a TELNET BREAK sequence to the remote host. By default there is no BREAK character; specifying this qualifier without a value sets the character to ^C (a caret followed by uppercase C, to represent Ctrl+C).
/BUFFER_SIZE=number
Changes the maximum size of terminal write operations to the specified number of bytes. A large write size is more efficient, but a smaller size makes TELNET more responsive.
The default buffer size is 512 bytes. The value for number can range from 20 to 1024 bytes. If you specify a value below 20, the buffer size is reset to 20. If you specify a value above 1024, it is reset to 1024.
/CREATE_NTY[=(options)]
Performs the same function as the CREATE-NTY command (available in command mode once a connection has been made). When specified without options, /CREATE_NTY causes TELNET to make a temporary connection to the specified host, attach this connection to an NTY device, and exit immediately. You can then run another application, such as KERMIT or SET HOST/DTE through this pseudo-terminal device. The TELNET_NTY logical name is defined to be the NTY device created. Use it as you would any other terminal device. When you are finished with the terminal, use the DEALLOCATE command to dismantle the connection and associated NTY device control blocks. Alternatively, the connection will be dismantled when you log out.
$ TELNET
/CREATE_NTY[=([PERMANENT] -
[,NAME=logical_name] -
[,TABLE=logical_name_table] -
[,MODE={EXECUTIVE|SUPERVISOR}] -
[/PORT=target-TCP-port] -
host
The options contain a comma-separated list beginning with:
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PERMANENT |
Specifies that the NTY device will persist after you close the TELNET connection. To delete the permanent NTY device, use the MULTINET TELNET /DELETE_NTY=logical_name command. |
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and continuing with any of the following: |
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NAME=logical_name |
Specifies the NTY device's logical name. The default logical name is TELNET_NTY. |
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TABLE=logical_name_table |
Specifies the logical name table to which the new NTY device name is added. The default logical name table is LNM$PROCESS_PROCESS. |
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MODE=access_mode |
Specifies the logical name's access mode. access_mode is either SUPERVISOR (the default) or EXECUTIVE. |
Privileged users can use /CREATE_NTY options to establish permanent NTY devices. In this case, the NTY device is created but no connection is made to the specified host until the first I/O operation.
Use this qualifier only with permanent NTY devices.
/DELETE_NTY=logical_name
Deletes a permanent NTY device named by logical_name. Create permanent NTY devices with the MULTINET TELNET /CREATE_NTY command.
/DEBUG
Sets the TELNET debug flag. When you specify /DEBUG, TELNET prints all option negotiations made with the remote host.
/ERASE_CHARACTER_CHARACTER=character
Sets the TELNET ERASE-CHARACTER character which, when typed during a TELNET session, sends a TELNET ERASE CHARACTER sequence to the remote host. By default, there is no ERASE-CHARACTER character. Specifying this character without a value sets this character to ^? (a caret followed by a question mark, to represent Delete).
/ERASE_LINE_CHARACTER=character
Sets the TELNET ERASE-LINE character which, when typed during a TELNET session, sends a TELNET ERASE LINE sequence to the remote host. By default, there is no ERASE LINE character; specifying this qualifier without a value sets the character to ^U (a caret followed by uppercase U, representing Ctrl+U).
/ESCAPE_CHARACTER=character
Sets the TELNET ESCAPE character. When you type the TELNET ESCAPE character during a TELNET session, communication with the remote host temporarily stops, and TELNET interprets the next character you type as a TELNET command. The ESCAPE character defaults to ^^ (two consecutive carets, representing Ctrl+^).
After you type the TELNET ESCAPE character, the next character you type is interpreted according to the following list:
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Character |
Action |
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? |
Displays information about TELNET escape commands. |
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A |
Sends an INTERRUPT PROCESS command to the remote host. |
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B |
Sends a BREAK command to the remote host. |
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C |
Closes the connection to the remote host. |
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O |
Sends an ABORT OUTPUT command to the remote host. |
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P |
Spawns a new DCL process (or attaches to a parent process). |
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S |
Displays the status of the TELNET connection. |
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T |
Sends an ARE YOU THERE (AYT) command. On a MultiNet server, this command is mapped to Ctrl+T. |
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Q |
Quits TELNET. |
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X |
Enters extended TELNET command mode. |
Type the ESCAPE character twice to send it to the remote host.
/INTERRUPT_PROCESS_CHARACTER=character
Sets the TELNET INTERRUPT-PROCESS character which, when typed during a TELNET session, sends an INTERRUPT PROCESS sequence to the remote host. By default, there is no INTERRUPT PROCESS character; specifying this qualifier without a value sets the character to ^C (a caret followed by uppercase C, representing Ctrl+C).
/LOCAL_FLOW_CONTROL
/NOLOCAL_FLOW_CONTROL
Specifies that Ctrl+Q and Ctrl+S should be treated by the local terminal driver as XON and XOFF, instead of being passed down the network connection for processing by the remote terminal driver. Use of this qualifier makes XOFF more responsive, which helps prevent data loss; however, the remote system will never see any Ctrl+S character.
The default flow control setting depends on the setting of the VMS terminal characteristic TT$_TTSYNC (set by the DCL command SET TERMINAL /TTSYNC or by many full-screen editors). Specify /LOCAL_FLOW_CONTROL to force TELNET into local flow control mode. Specify /NOLOCAL_FLOW_CONTROL to force TELNET into remote flow control mode.
/LOG_FILE=[file-spec]
Specifies a file in which to log a transcript of the TELNET session. Everything received by the local system from the remote system is recorded in this file. If you specify the /LOG_FILE qualifier without a value, the default file specification TELNET.LOG is used. The log file is created in the directory from which TELNET is run. /LOG_FILE is not supported in 3270 or 5250 mode.
/PORT=port-spec
Specifies the port to which a connection is to be made. If you do not specify this qualifier, the standard TELNET port for the specified protocol is used. For the TCP/IP protocol, use a port number or a port defined in MULTINET:HOSTS. service file.
When connecting via TCP/IP to a port other than the default TELNET port (23), full VMS command line editing is available on command input.
/PRINT_ESCAPE_CHARACTER
Displays the ESCAPE character used to access TELNET command mode. If you use this qualifier, the escape character is displayed when a connection occurs:
Escape character is '^^'
You can also use the logical name MULTINET_TELNET_PRINT_ESCAPE_CHARACTER to set this feature. If this logical is defined, a message will be output.
/PROTOCOL=protocol-spec
Specifies the protocol to be used in making the connection to the remote system. The protocol specification can be either TCP or IP (TCP is the default).
/TCP
Used as an abbreviation for /PROTOCOL=TCP.
/TERMINAL_TYPE
Specifies the terminal type to be negotiated with the remote TELNET server. This qualifier has the same function as the TERMINAL-TYPE command.
/TN3270=AUTOMATIC (default)
FORCE
/NOTN3270
Allows the negotiation of IBM 3270 terminal emulation mode. AUTOMATIC (the default) causes TELNET to automatically negotiate IBM 3270 emulation mode with the remote host. TELNET enters 3270 mode only if the remote host supports it.
Use FORCE to force TELNET into IBM 3270 emulation mode when communicating with a system that supports 3270 mode, but cannot negotiate it automatically. (IBM mainframes running ACCESS/MVS have this restriction.) Use /NOTN3270 to disable IBM 3270 emulation mode entirely.
/TN5250=AUTOMATIC (default)
FORCE
/NOTN5250
Allows the negotiation of IBM 5250 terminal emulation mode. Use AUTOMATIC (the default) to cause TELNET to automatically negotiate IBM 5250 emulation mode with the remote host. TELNET enters 5250 mode only if the remote host supports it. FORCE is used to force TELNET into IBM 5250 emulation mode when communicating with a system that supports 5250 mode, but cannot negotiate it automatically. IBM MVS does not support 5250. Use /NOTN5250 to disable IBM 5250 emulation mode entirely.
/UNIX
Uses the 4.3BSD UNIX end-of-line specification, <CR><NL>, instead of the standard end-of-line specification, <CR><LF>. This qualifier is useful when using TELNET to connect to 4.3BSD UNIX systems.
/VERSION
Displays version information about the TELNET utility. If you use this qualifier, all other parameters and qualifiers are ignored and a TELNET session is not started.
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Note: To specify a control character for the value of character in any of the preceding qualifiers, type it as a ^ (caret) followed by the appropriate character, all enclosed within double quotes.
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This command creates a permanent NTY device pointing at port 9100 on WHORFIN.EXAMPLE.COM, and creates the logical name WHORFINDEVICE (in the system logical name table in executive mode) that translates to the NTY device name.
$ MULTINET TELNET EXAMPLE.COM
$ MULTINET TELNET SALES.EXAMPLE.COM /LOG_FILE=SALES.LOG
$ MULTINET TELNET LOCALHOST /PORT=SMTP
$ MULTINET TELNET /ABORT_OUTPUT_CHARACTER="^A"
$ MULTINET
TELNET /PORT=9100 /CREATE_nty=PERMANENT, -
_$ NAME=WHORFINDEVICE, TABLE=SYSTEM, MODE=EXECUTIVE -
_$ WHORFIN.EXAMPLE.COM
Transfers files between TCP/IP hosts. The TFTP utility uses the Internet standard Trivial File Transfer Protocol to transfer files between Internet hosts. TFTP uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and performs no user authentication.
TFTP [host [port]]
host
Specifies the name or numeric address of the remote host to which you want to connect.
port
Specifies the UDP port number on the server to which you want to connect. If you do not specify the port number, the standard TFTP UDP server port number (69) is used.
This example shows how to use TFTP to connect to the host EXAMPLE.COM.
$ TFTP
EXAMPLE.COM
tftp>
Displays information about users registered with the Internet Network Information Center (InterNIC). The default WHOIS server is RS.INTERNIC.NET.
MULTINET WHOIS name
name
Specifies the name or handle of the registered user about whom you want to retrieve information.
For more information and help from the InterNic type WHOIS HELP from the DCL prompt.
/HOST=hostname
Specifies the remote host to which to connect. The default is RS.INTERNIC.NET, but can be changed by a system manager. The connection is done to the NICNAME port.
/OUTPUT=filespec
Specifies an output file in which to store WHOIS output.
/PORT=port number
Specifies the number of a non-standard port.
This example shows how to display information about the user "Smith" from the InterNIC database.
$ WHOIS SMITH
SMITH, J.R.
smith@abc.com
ABC, Incorporated
101 Elm Street
Surf City, CA 95060
(408) 555-1212
Record last updated on 1-Jun-00.
The InterNIC Registration Services Host ONLY contains Internet Information Networks, ASN's, Domains, and POC's).